![]() These basic elements of the paradigm shift in disaster science are presented in Sect. And to enable scientific knowledge-based decision making, a transdisciplinary approach is required. This paper evaluates the evidence and rationale that justifies shifting the health care paradigm from a conventional weight focus to HAES. To make disaster science needed and useful, it should proceed together with a practicing sector. Randomized controlled clinical trials indicate that a HAES approach is associated with statistically and clinically relevant improvements in physiological measures (e.g., blood pressure, blood lipids), health behaviors (e.g., eating and activity habits, dietary quality), and psychosocial outcomes (such as self-esteem and body image), and that HAES achieves these health outcomes more successfully than weight loss treatment and without the contraindications associated with a weight focus. ![]() A growing trans-disciplinary movement called Health at Every Size (HAES) challenges the value of promoting weight loss and dieting behavior and argues for a shift in focus to weight-neutral outcomes. This concern has drawn increased attention to the ethical implications of recommending treatment that may be ineffective or damaging. Location of Repository REVIEW Open Access Weight Science: Evaluating the Evidence for a Paradigm Shift By Linda Bacon and Lucy Aphramor Abstract Current guidelines recommend that overweight and obese individuals lose weight through engaging in lifestyle modification involving diet, exercise and other behavior change. Concern has arisen that this weight focus is not only ineffective at producing thinner, healthier bodies, but may also have unintended consequences, contributing to food and body preoccupation, repeated cycles of weight loss and regain, distraction from other personal health goals and wider health determinants, reduced self-esteem, eating disorders, other health decrement, and weight stigmatization and discrimination. Annunziato,2 Deb Burgard,3 Sigrún Daníelsdóttir,4 Ellen Shuman,5 Chad Davis,2 and Rachel M. This approach reliably induces short term weight loss, but the majority of individuals are unable to maintain weight loss over the long term and do not achieve the putative benefits of improved morbidity and mortality. The Weight-Inclusive versus Weight-Normative Approach to Health: Evaluating the Evidence for Prioritizing Well-Being over Weight Loss Tracy L. today we are in the midst of what saks and koehler 1 have called a paradigm shift in the evaluation and presentation of evidence in the forensic sciences which deal with the comparison of the quantifiable properties of objects of known and questioned origin, e.g. Current guidelines recommend that "overweight" and "obese" individuals lose weight through engaging in lifestyle modification involving diet, exercise and other behavior change.
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